The Guitologist
Education • Science & Tech • Music
If you're a fan of my YouTube channel "The Guitologist" this is the place to reach me, support the channel, and just hang out with like-minded guitarists who love freedom and hate wussies.
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12ax7 Tube Family Substitution Chart

Here is a chart I made in response to a question about direct 12ax7 substitutions. There are more than most people realize. The RCA manual designates the pinout as "9A", so I've included all "9A" pinout tubes here.

I've included all the industrial and military designations of these tubes also (where applicable), and arranged them in order of amplification factor. I did not include European designations like ECC83, etc. Hope this helps someone with their experimentation. As for which of these will work in certain applications, you'll have to do more research and conduct your own experiments. Generally, if a 12ax7 is called for in a certain position in one of your amps, probably any of these tubes will work as a drop-in substitute. The lower the amp factor, the less gain you'll get from that stage, which might be desirable. If the stage is a cathode follower and calls for a 12AT7 or 12AU7, subbing a 12AX7 or another of these tubes might create issues. I encourage you to experiment. This would actually make for a nice video comparing as many of these as possible. I think I have most of them in my tube collection already. If you'd like to see a video like that, let me know.

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Videos
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Modding a Hiwatt DR504

This is a video response to Tone Priest's question about modding a Hiwatt clone build. If you are a paid member here on Locals and have tech or other questions, I'll be happy to give you a similar video response when I get time! Thanks so much for all your continued support.

00:14:42
1931 Gibson L1 Extended Jam

This was the full jam session on the Gibson L1 I did recently. As you probably know, I usually will jam for a while on something and then pick a few highlights to show in a final video. A ton of stuff got edited out. It's not all great, but it's not all bad either. I find it kind of soothing, this quiet acoustic stuff. I'm never sure where the mood will take me.

00:36:32
10 Minute Crash Course in Open Tuning and Open D Licks

I made this quick video the other day for a friend and figured I'd post it here as well. He wants to get started in slide, so I was quickly showing him some open tuning concepts to make the transition to slide a bit easier. Kind of like learning slide without a slide.

00:11:02
January 04, 2026

Are you going to be making a big video of your trip to your buddy's? Seems like a treasure trove.

I think he may be onto something with phase matching in that weird network. If they just wanted to cut gain wouldn't they just put in a voltage divider? What amp is that? Curiosity has got me on that one.

When I built my 'Prince of Darkness' amp I copied the front end of an ancient Gibson amp and I gotta say, it sounds really good.

New Fixoloigst Joint!

This is why I will NEVER buy another front-load washing machine, unless it's industrial grade!

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